Which statement best defines a hazard?

• A. A hazard is a source with the potential to cause harm
• B. The probability of harm occurring
• C. A protective measure
• D. A controlled environment

Answer: (C)

A hazard is a source or situation with the potential to cause harm. The key idea is that harm could occur if conditions bring it about, not that harm will definitely happen. This distinguishes hazard from risk, which is about the likelihood and severity of harm given exposure. It also differs from a protective measure, which is something used to reduce or control risk, and from a controlled environment, which is the conditions set to minimize risk. For example, a spilled chemical is a hazard because it could cause harm, while wearing gloves and using proper ventilation are controls that reduce the risk, and a well-managed lab environment is designed to keep exposure low.